Menene manyan kariyar da ake amfani da su don janareta?

Tabbatar da amintaccen aiki da aminci na injinan dizal shine mafi mahimmanci. Rashin gazawar da ba zato ba tsammani yana haifar da raguwar lokaci mai tsada, lalacewar kayan aiki, da haɗarin aminci. Tsarin kariya mai ƙarfi yana aiki azaman tsarin juyayi mai mahimmanci na janareta, koyaushe yana sa ido kan mahimman sigogi da ɗaukar matakin yanke hukunci don hana aukuwar bala'i. Fahimtar waɗannan kariyar yana da mahimmanci ga kowane aiki da ya dogara ga madadin ko babban iko. Wannan labarin ya zurfafa cikin babban kariya hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su, da ke rufe rarrabuwar su, manyan ayyuka, ma'auni na zaɓi, da kuma dalilin da ya sa ba za su iya yin sulhu ba don amincin wutar lantarki. Za mu bincika mahimman abubuwan kariya kamar wuce gona da iri, kariya ta bambanta, asarar zumuɗi, juyar da wutar lantarki, sama da / ƙarƙashin ƙarfin lantarki da mitar, kuskuren duniya na stator, da sa ido.

Nau'in

Tsarukan kariyar janareta an rarraba su gabaɗaya dangane da nau'in kuskure ko yanayin rashin daidaituwa da suke magana da kuma ɓangaren da suke kiyayewa. Rabe-raben farko sun hada da:

1. Kariyar Laifin Wutar Lantarki: Waɗannan kurakuran da aka yi niyya a cikin na'urorin lantarki na janareta, kamar gajerun da'irori (lokaci-zuwa-lokaci, lokaci-zuwa-ƙasa) da gazawar iska. Misalai sun haɗa da Overcurrent , Bambance-bambance , Stator Earth Fault , da Jeri mara kyau / rashin daidaituwa .

2. Kariyar Yanayin Aiki mara kyau: Waɗannan suna kiyaye yanayin da, kodayake ba kuskuren gaggawa ba, na iya haifar da mummunar lalacewa idan an ci gaba. Misalai sun haɗa da sama / karkashin ƙarfin lantarki, sama da / ƙarƙashin mitar, asarar bege, da kuma juyawa.

3. Kariyar Injini/Mataimaki: Waɗannan suna lura da lafiyar jiki da tsarin tallafi na janareta. Misalai sun haɗa da zafi mai zafi (stator windings, bearings), Bearing Vibration/Monitoring, Overspeed, and Low Lube Oil Pressure.

4. Kariyar mu'amalar tsarin: Waɗannan suna tabbatar da amintaccen aiki tare da hulɗa tare da haɗin wutar lantarki ko bas ɗin lodi. Misalai sun haɗa da Sync Check da Anti-Motoring. Zaɓin haɗin da ya dace na waɗannan nau'ikan shine tushen tushen babban kariya dabarun, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen janareta da mahimmanci.

Babban Ayyukan Kariya

Fahimtar "dalilin da yasa" da "yadda" na kowane aikin kariya na ainihi yana da mahimmanci:

1. Kariya Bambanci: Dutsen ginshiƙi na kariyar iska mai ƙarfi. Yana kwatanta girman halin yanzu da kusurwar lokaci mai shiga da barin iskar janareta stator. Duk wani babban kuskure na ciki (lokaci-lokaci ko lokaci-ƙasa) yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa, yana haifar da tafiya nan take. Wannan shine mafi mahimmanci da kariya mafi sauri don kuskuren ciki.

2. Kariyar Laifin Duniya na Stator: Yana gano kurakurai tsakanin iskar stator da firam ɗin janareta (ƙasa). Tsarin ƙasa mai ƙarancin juriya sau da yawa yana amfani da jinkirin jujjuyawar isar da wutar lantarki mai sa ido kan matsar wutar lantarki mai tsaka tsaki. 

3. Kariya na wuce gona da iri: Yana ba da kariya ta ajiya don kurakuran ciki (idan bambancin ya gaza) da kariya ta farko don kurakuran waje akan hanyoyin da aka haɗa. An fi son nau'ikan nau'ikan da ke da ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki ko sarrafa wutar lantarki yayin da suke da hankali yayin kuskuren kusa inda ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya faɗi. Daidaita jinkirin lokaci tare da masu watsewar ƙasa yana da mahimmanci.

4. Rashin Tashin Hankali: Yana gano gazawar tsarin tashin hankali na janareta. Ba tare da tashin hankali ba, janareta ya rasa aiki tare, yana ɗaukar ƙarfin amsawa kamar induction motor, kuma yana zafi da rotor. Kariya yawanci yana amfani da relays na impedance sa ido kan wurin da ke motsawa cikin yanayin yanayin aiki.

5. Kariyar Ƙarfin Ƙarfi: Yana hana janareta yin aiki azaman mota ("motoring") idan babban mai motsi (injin dizal) ya gaza yayin da ake rufe janareta. Wannan yanayin yana iya lalata injin ɗin sosai. Relay yana auna ainihin hanyar kwararar wutar lantarki da tafiye-tafiye idan wutar ta shiga cikin janareta na ƙayyadadden lokaci.

6. Fiye / A karkashin Voltage & Sama da / A karkashin mitar: Kare kayan aiki da aka haɗa daga lalacewa saboda iyakokin da aka yarda da shi, wanda zai iya faruwa saboda kaya, ko gwamna / avr malfunctions. Dole ne saituna su daidaita tare da buƙatun tsarin.

7. Kariya mara kyau / rashin daidaituwa: Yana kare rotor daga zazzaɓi wanda ya haifar da igiyoyin stator marasa daidaituwa (misali, lodin lokaci-lokaci, buɗaɗɗen matakai, kuskuren lokaci-lokaci). Rawanin jeri mara kyau yana haifar da igiyoyin mitoci biyu a cikin na'ura mai juyi yana haifar da dumama mai yawa. 

8. Kulawa da Kulawa & Ƙunƙarar zafi: Mahimmanci don gano lamuran inji. Na'urori masu auna firgita suna gano lalacewa mara kyau ko rashin daidaituwa. Na'urori masu auna zafin jiki (RTDs ko thermocouples) waɗanda aka saka a cikin bearings da iskar iska suna ba da sa ido kan yanayin zafi kai tsaye, takushe kan matsanancin zafin jiki. Kariyar wuce gona da iri tana da mahimmanci don hana bala'in gazawar inji idan gwamnan injin ya gaza. Aiwatar da wannan babban ɗakin karatu ya ƙunshi mahimmanci babban kariya ayyuka masu kiyaye kimar ka mai kima.

selection Sharudda

Zaɓin tsarin kariya da ya dace bai dace ba. Dole ne mahimman abubuwa su jagoranci shawararku:

1. Aikace-aikacen Generator & Mahimmanci: Shin babban iko ne, ci gaba da jiran aiki, ko madadin gaggawa don amincin rayuwa? Aikace-aikace masu mahimmancin manufa suna buƙatar ƙarin cikakkun tsare-tsare na kariya.

2. Girman Janareta da Ƙimar Wutar Lantarki: Manyan raka'a da manyan janareta na wutan lantarki yawanci suna ba da ƙarin ƙwarewa da kariya mai tsada. Ƙananan raka'a na iya amfani da madaidaitan tsare-tsare amma ainihin kariyar suna da mahimmanci.

3. Hanyar Grounding: Tsarin ƙasa (high-resistance, low-resistance, solid ground) yana ƙayyadad da nau'in da azancin kariyar laifin stator ƙasa da ake buƙata.

4. Nau'in Motsawa na Firayim: Injin Diesel suna da takamaiman buƙatu kamar kariyar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi saboda haɗarin tarin man da ba a ƙone ba yayin tuƙi.

5. Bukatun Haɗin Grid: Masu janareta masu layi ɗaya tare da grid mai amfani dole ne su bi ƙayyadaddun kariya da ka'idojin sarrafawa (misali, hana tsibiri, takamaiman saitunan gudun hijira) wanda mai amfani ya umarta.

6. Haɗin Tsarin Sarrafa: Shin ya kamata kariyar kariya ta haɗa tare da tsarin kulawa / kulawa ta tsakiya (SCADA, PLC) don hangen nesa mai nisa, shigar da bayanai, da nazarin taron?

7. Ka'idodin Ka'idoji: Bi da ƙa'idodin gida da na ƙasa (misali, IEEE C37.102, IEC 60255, NFPA 110 don tsarin gaggawa) ya zama tilas. Waɗannan suna ba da ƙayyadaddun buƙatun kariya.

8. Farashin vs fa'ida: Daidaita saka hannun jari na farko a kayan aikin kariya da injiniyanci akan yuwuwar farashin gazawar janareta, raguwar lokaci, da lalacewar kayan aiki. Zuba hannun jari a ainihin kariyar yana dacewa koyaushe. Ana ba da shawarar yin shawarwari tare da ƙwararrun injiniya na kariya don haɗaɗɗun shigarwa.

Kammalawa

The babban kariya tsarin da aka tsara - Bambance-bambancen, Laifin Duniya na Stator, Juyawa, Rashin Tashin hankali, Ƙarfin Ƙarfi, Ƙarfin wutar lantarki / Mitar Kulawa, Jeri mara kyau, da Kariyar Injini - samar da muhimmiyar garkuwa ga janareta na diesel. Yin watsi da waɗannan tsare-tsaren yana haifar da asarar kuɗi mai tsanani ta hanyar raguwar lokaci da gyare-gyare, yana lalata amincin ma'aikata, kuma yana lalata amincin tsarin wutar lantarki gaba ɗaya. Aiwatar da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun, shigar, da tsare-tsaren kariya ba ƙari ba ne na zaɓi; babban buƙatu ne don ikon mallakar janareta da aiki.

A JLMECH, muna da ƙwarewa mai zurfi a cikin fasahar janareta dizal da ingantattun dabarun kariyar wuta. Mun fahimci cewa janareta naka abu ne mai mahimmanci, kuma ba za a iya lalata kariyar ta ba. Ƙaddamarwarmu ga ƙwararrun injiniya da tabbatar da inganci yana nufin kowane janareta na JLMECH an ƙera shi tare da aminci, aminci, da tsawon rai a ainihin sa. Ƙwararrun ƙwararrun mu ba kawai samar da janareta ba; muna ba da cikakkun hanyoyin magance wutar lantarki waɗanda aka keɓance da takamaiman buƙatun ku na aiki da bayanin martabar haɗari.

Kada ku bar tsaron ikon ku mai mahimmanci ga kwatsam. Tuntuɓi JLMECH a yau. Kwararrunmu a shirye suke don taimaka muku zaɓi mafi kyawun janareta sanye take da madaidaicin tsarin kariya da aikace-aikacenku ke buƙata. Don cikakkun bayanai game da injinan injin ɗin dizal ɗin mu na yau da kullun da kuma haɗaɗɗun fakitin kariya da aka tsara don biyan buƙatunku na musamman na wutar lantarki, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu a. skala@whjlmech.com. Mu tabbatar da cewa ayyukanku sun kasance masu ƙarfi, kariya, kuma masu fa'ida.

References

1. IEEE Std C37.102-2006 (Bita na IEEE Std C37.102-1995): Jagorar IEEE don Kariyar AC Generator.

2. IEEE Std C37.101-2006: Jagorar IEEE don Kariyar Ground Generator.

3. Jerin IEC 60255: Aunawa Relays da Kayan Kariya - Ka'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa waɗanda ke rufe ayyuka da gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na kariya.

4. NFPA 110: Matsayin Gaggawa da Tsarin Wutar Lantarki (Takamaiman buƙatun kariya don janareta na gaggawa, musamman matakan 1 shigarwa).

5. Jagorar Aikace-aikacen Kariyar Janareta - Manyan Masana'antun Relay na Kariya (misali, Siemens, GE, SEL, ABB).

6. Kariyar Tsarin Wuta (Littattafai) - misali, na J. Lewis Blackburn, Thomas J. Domin.